Read More |
Title | Journal | Authors | Year | ISSN | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Toggle | Dopamine signaling regulates predator-driven changes in egg laying behavior. | eLife | Pribadi A, Rieger MA, Rosales K, et al. | 2023 | 2050-084X | |
PubMed Record
Publication TypeJournal ArticleAbstractPrey respond to predators by altering their behavior to optimize their own fitness and survival. Specifically, prey are known to avoid predator-occupied territories to reduce their risk of harm or injury to themselves and their progeny. We probe the interactions between and its naturally cohabiting predator to reveal the pathways driving changes in prey behavior. While prefers to lay its eggs on a bacteria food lawn, the presence of a predator inside a lawn induces to lay more eggs away from that lawn. We confirm that this change in egg laying is in response to bites from predators, rather than to predatory secretions. Moreover, predator-exposed prey continue to lay their eggs away from the dense lawn even after the predator is removed, indicating a form of learning. Next, we find that mutants in dopamine synthesis significantly reduce egg laying behavior off the lawn in both predator-free and predator-inhabited lawns, which we can rescue by transgenic complementation or supplementation with exogenous dopamine. Moreover, we find that dopamine is likely released from multiple dopaminergic neurons and requires combinations of both D1- (DOP-1) and D2-like (DOP-2 and DOP-3) dopamine receptors to alter predator-induced egg laying behavior, whereas other combinations modify baseline levels of egg laying behavior. Together, we show that dopamine signaling can alter both predator-free and predator-induced foraging strategies, suggesting a role for this pathway in defensive behaviors. JournaleLifePublication Volume12Published2023/07/11Issn2050-084XAuthorsPribadi A, Rieger MA, Rosales K, et al.KeywordsC. elegans, P. uniformis, dopamine, egg laying, neuroscience, predator-preyDOI10.7554/eLife.83957 Google Scholar Pubmed |
||||||
Toggle | Violation of the ultrastructural size principle in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex underlies working memory impairment in the aged common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). | Frontiers in aging neuroscience | Glavis-Bloom C, Vanderlip CR, Weiser Novak S, et al. | 2023 | 1663-4365 | |
PubMed Record
Publication TypeJournal ArticleAbstractMorphology and function of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), and corresponding working memory performance, are affected early in the aging process, but nearly half of aged individuals are spared of working memory deficits. Translationally relevant model systems are critical for determining the neurobiological drivers of this variability. The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is advantageous as a model for these investigations because, as a non-human primate, marmosets have a clearly defined dlPFC that enables measurement of prefrontal-dependent cognitive functions, and their short (∼10 year) lifespan facilitates longitudinal studies of aging. Previously, we characterized working memory capacity in a cohort of marmosets that collectively covered the lifespan, and found age-related working memory impairment. We also found a remarkable degree of heterogeneity in performance, similar to that found in humans. Here, we tested the hypothesis that changes to synaptic ultrastructure that affect synaptic efficacy stratify marmosets that age with cognitive impairment from those that age without cognitive impairment. We utilized electron microscopy to visualize synapses in the marmoset dlPFC and measured the sizes of boutons, presynaptic mitochondria, and synapses. We found that coordinated scaling of the sizes of synapses and mitochondria with their associated boutons is essential for intact working memory performance in aged marmosets. Further, lack of synaptic scaling, due to a remarkable failure of synaptic mitochondria to scale with presynaptic boutons, selectively underlies age-related working memory impairment. We posit that this decoupling results in mismatched energy supply and demand, leading to impaired synaptic transmission. We also found that aged marmosets have fewer synapses in dlPFC than young, though the severity of synapse loss did not predict whether aging occurred with or without cognitive impairment. This work identifies a novel mechanism of synapse dysfunction that stratifies marmosets that age with cognitive impairment from those that age without cognitive impairment. The process by which synaptic scaling is regulated is yet unknown and warrants future investigation. JournalFrontiers in aging neurosciencePublication Volume15Pagination1146245Published2023/04/12Issn1663-4365AuthorsGlavis-Bloom C, Vanderlip CR, Weiser Novak S, et al.Keywordsaging, electron microscopy, marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), non-human primate (NHP), prefrontal cortex, synapse dysfunction, ultrastructural size principle, working memoryDOI10.3389/fnagi.2023.1146245 Google Scholar Pubmed |
||||||
Toggle | Electro-optical mechanically flexible coaxial microprobes for minimally invasive interfacing with intrinsic neural circuits. | Nature communications | Ward S, Riley C, Carey EM, et al. | 2022 | 2041-1723 | |
PubMed Record
Publication TypeJournal ArticleAbstractCentral to advancing our understanding of neural circuits is developing minimally invasive, multi-modal interfaces capable of simultaneously recording and modulating neural activity. Recent devices have focused on matching the mechanical compliance of tissue to reduce inflammatory responses. However, reductions in the size of multi-modal interfaces are needed to further improve biocompatibility and long-term recording capabilities. Here a multi-modal coaxial microprobe design with a minimally invasive footprint (8-14 µm diameter over millimeter lengths) that enables efficient electrical and optical interrogation of neural networks is presented. In the brain, the probes allowed robust electrical measurement and optogenetic stimulation. Scalable fabrication strategies can be used with various electrical and optical materials, making the probes highly customizable to experimental requirements, including length, diameter, and mechanical properties. Given their negligible inflammatory response, these probes promise to enable a new generation of readily tunable multi-modal devices for long-term, minimally invasive interfacing with neural circuits. JournalNature communicationsPublication Volume13Publication Issue1Pagination3286Published2022/06/07Issn2041-1723AuthorsWard S, Riley C, Carey EM, et al.DOI10.1038/s41467-022-30275-x Google Scholar Pubmed |
||||||
Toggle | Differential mechanisms underlie trace and delay conditioning in Drosophila. | Nature | Grover D, Chen JY, Xie J, et al. | 2022 | 1476-4687 | |
PubMed Record
Publication TypeJournal ArticleAbstractTwo forms of associative learning-delay conditioning and trace conditioning-have been widely investigated in humans and higher-order mammals. In delay conditioning, an unconditioned stimulus (for example, an electric shock) is introduced in the final moments of a conditioned stimulus (for example, a tone), with both ending at the same time. In trace conditioning, a ‘trace’ interval separates the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus. Trace conditioning therefore relies on maintaining a neural representation of the conditioned stimulus after its termination (hence making distraction possible), to learn the conditioned stimulus-unconditioned stimulus contingency; this makes it more cognitively demanding than delay conditioning. Here, by combining virtual-reality behaviour with neurogenetic manipulations and in vivo two-photon brain imaging, we show that visual trace conditioning and delay conditioning in Drosophila mobilize R2 and R4m ring neurons in the ellipsoid body. In trace conditioning, calcium transients during the trace interval show increased oscillations and slower declines over repeated training, and both of these effects are sensitive to distractions. Dopaminergic activity accompanies signal persistence in ring neurons, and this is decreased by distractions solely during trace conditioning. Finally, dopamine D1-like and D2-like receptor signalling in ring neurons have different roles in delay and trace conditioning; dopamine D1-like receptor 1 mediates both forms of conditioning, whereas the dopamine D2-like receptor is involved exclusively in sustaining ring neuron activity during the trace interval of trace conditioning. These observations are similar to those previously reported in mammals during arousal, prefrontal activation and high-level cognitive learning. JournalNaturePublication Volume603Pagination302Issn1476-4687AuthorsGrover D, Chen JY, Xie J, et al.DOI10.1038/s41586-022-04433-6 Google Scholar Pubmed |
||||||
Toggle | Discovery of genomic loci of the human cerebral cortex using genetically informed brain atlases. | Science (New York, N.Y.) | Makowski C, van der Meer D, Dong W, et al. | 2022 | 1095-9203 | |
PubMed Record
Publication TypeJournal ArticleAbstractTo determine the impact of genetic variants on the brain, we used genetically informed brain atlases in genome-wide association studies of regional cortical surface area and thickness in 39,898 adults and 9136 children. We uncovered 440 genome-wide significant loci in the discovery cohort and 800 from a post hoc combined meta-analysis. Loci in adulthood were largely captured in childhood, showing signatures of negative selection, and were linked to early neurodevelopment and pathways associated with neuropsychiatric risk. Opposing gradations of decreased surface area and increased thickness were associated with common inversion polymorphisms. Inferior frontal regions, encompassing Broca’s area, which is important for speech, were enriched for human-specific genomic elements. Thus, a mixed genetic landscape of conserved and human-specific features is concordant with brain hierarchy and morphogenetic gradients. JournalScience (New York, N.Y.)Publication Volume375Publication Issue6580Pagination522-528Issn1095-9203AuthorsMakowski C, van der Meer D, Dong W, et al.DOI10.1126/science.abe8457 Google Scholar Pubmed |
||||||
Toggle | Imaging brain activity during complex social behaviors in Drosophila with Flyception2. | Nature communications | Grover D, Katsuki T, Li J, et al. | 2020 | 2041-1723 | |
PubMed Record
Publication TypeJournal ArticleAbstractOptical in vivo recordings from freely walking Drosophila are currently possible only for limited behaviors. Here, we expand the range of accessible behaviors with a retroreflective marker-based tracking and ratiometric brain imaging system, permitting brain activity imaging even in copulating male flies. We discover that P1 neurons, active during courtship, are inactive during copulation, whereas GABAergic mAL neurons remain active during copulation, suggesting a countervailing role of mAL in opposing P1 activity during mating. JournalNature communicationsPublication Volume11Publication Issue1Pagination623Issn2041-1723AuthorsGrover D, Katsuki T, Li J, et al.DOI10.1038/s41467-020-14487-7 Google Scholar Pubmed |
||||||
Toggle | Apical-Basal Polarity Signaling Components, Lgl1 and aPKCs, Control Glutamatergic Synapse Number and Function. | iScience | Scott J, Thakar S, Mao Y, et al. | 2019 | 2589-0042 | |
PubMed Record
Publication TypeJournal ArticleAbstractNormal synapse formation is fundamental to brain function. We show here that an apical-basal polarity (A-BP) protein, Lgl1, is present in the postsynaptic density and negatively regulates glutamatergic synapse numbers by antagonizing the atypical protein kinase Cs (aPKCs). A planar cell polarity protein, Vangl2, which inhibits synapse formation, was decreased in synaptosome fractions of cultured cortical neurons from Lgl1 knockout embryos. Conditional knockout of Lgl1 in pyramidal neurons led to reduction of AMPA/NMDA ratio and impaired plasticity. Lgl1 is frequently deleted in Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS). Lgl1 conditional knockout led to increased locomotion, impaired novel object recognition and social interaction. Lgl1+/- animals also showed increased synapse numbers, defects in open field and social interaction, as well as stereotyped repetitive behavior. Social interaction in Lgl1+/- could be rescued by NMDA antagonists. Our findings reveal a role of apical-basal polarity proteins in glutamatergic synapse development and function and also suggest a potential treatment for SMS patients with Lgl1 deletion. JournaliSciencePublication Volume20Pagination25-41Issn2589-0042AuthorsScott J, Thakar S, Mao Y, et al.KeywordsBiological Sciences, Cell Biology, Cellular Neuroscience, NeuroscienceDOI10.1016/j.isci.2019.09.005 Google Scholar Pubmed |
||||||
Toggle | Asymmetric ephaptic inhibition between compartmentalized olfactory receptor neurons. | Nature communications | Zhang Y, Tsang TK, Bushong EA, et al. | 2019 | 2041-1723 | |
PubMed Record
Publication TypeJournal ArticleAbstractIn the Drosophila antenna, different subtypes of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) housed in the same sensory hair (sensillum) can inhibit each other non-synaptically. However, the mechanisms underlying this underexplored form of lateral inhibition remain unclear. Here we use recordings from pairs of sensilla impaled by the same tungsten electrode to demonstrate that direct electrical (“ephaptic”) interactions mediate lateral inhibition between ORNs. Intriguingly, within individual sensilla, we find that ephaptic lateral inhibition is asymmetric such that one ORN exerts greater influence onto its neighbor. Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy of genetically identified ORNs and circuit modeling indicate that asymmetric lateral inhibition reflects a surprisingly simple mechanism: the physically larger ORN in a pair corresponds to the dominant neuron in ephaptic interactions. Thus, morphometric differences between compartmentalized ORNs account for highly specialized inhibitory interactions that govern information processing at the earliest stages of olfactory coding. JournalNature communicationsPublication Volume10Publication Issue1Pagination1560Issn2041-1723AuthorsZhang Y, Tsang TK, Bushong EA, et al.DOI10.1038/s41467-019-09346-z Google Scholar Pubmed |
||||||
Toggle | Fast near-whole-brain imaging in adult Drosophila during responses to stimuli and behavior. | PLoS biology | Aimon S, Katsuki T, Jia T, et al. | 2019 | 1545-7885 | |
PubMed Record
Publication TypeJournal ArticleAbstractWhole-brain recordings give us a global perspective of the brain in action. In this study, we describe a method using light field microscopy to record near-whole brain calcium and voltage activity at high speed in behaving adult flies. We first obtained global activity maps for various stimuli and behaviors. Notably, we found that brain activity increased on a global scale when the fly walked but not when it groomed. This global increase with walking was particularly strong in dopamine neurons. Second, we extracted maps of spatially distinct sources of activity as well as their time series using principal component analysis and independent component analysis. The characteristic shapes in the maps matched the anatomy of subneuropil regions and, in some cases, a specific neuron type. Brain structures that responded to light and odor were consistent with previous reports, confirming the new technique’s validity. We also observed previously uncharacterized behavior-related activity as well as patterns of spontaneous voltage activity. JournalPLoS biologyPublication Volume17Publication Issue2Paginatione2006732Issn1545-7885AuthorsAimon S, Katsuki T, Jia T, et al.DOI10.1371/journal.pbio.2006732 Google Scholar Pubmed |
||||||
Toggle | A neural data structure for novelty detection. | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Dasgupta S, Sheehan TC, Stevens CF, et al. | 2018 | 1091-6490 | |
PubMed Record
Publication TypeJournal ArticleAbstractNovelty detection is a fundamental biological problem that organisms must solve to determine whether a given stimulus departs from those previously experienced. In computer science, this problem is solved efficiently using a data structure called a Bloom filter. We found that the fruit fly olfactory circuit evolved a variant of a Bloom filter to assess the novelty of odors. Compared with a traditional Bloom filter, the fly adjusts novelty responses based on two additional features: the similarity of an odor to previously experienced odors and the time elapsed since the odor was last experienced. We elaborate and validate a framework to predict novelty responses of fruit flies to given pairs of odors. We also translate insights from the fly circuit to develop a class of distance- and time-sensitive Bloom filters that outperform prior filters when evaluated on several biological and computational datasets. Overall, our work illuminates the algorithmic basis of an important neurobiological problem and offers strategies for novelty detection in computational systems. JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of AmericaPublication Volume115Publication Issue51Pagination13093-13098Issn1091-6490AuthorsDasgupta S, Sheehan TC, Stevens CF, et al.KeywordsBloom filters, computer science, data structures, fly olfactory circuit, novelty detectionDOI10.1073/pnas.1814448115 Google Scholar Pubmed |
||||||
Toggle | A top-down slow breathing circuit that alleviates negative affect in mice | Nature Neuroscience | Jhang, J., Park, et al. | 2024 | 1546-1726 | |
PubMed Record
Publication TypeJournal ArticleAbstractAlthough breathing is primarily automatic, its modulation by behavior and emotions suggests cortical inputs to brainstem respiratory networks, which hitherto have received little characterization. Here we identify in mice a top-down breathing pathway from dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) neurons to pontine reticular nucleus GABAergic inhibitory neurons (PnCGABA), which then project to the ventrolateral medulla (VLM). dACC→PnC activity correlates with slow breathing cycles and volitional orofacial behaviors and is influenced by anxiogenic conditions. Optogenetic stimulation of the dACC→PnCGABA→VLM circuit simultaneously slows breathing and suppresses anxiety-like behaviors, whereas optogenetic inhibition increases both breathing rate and anxiety-like behaviors. These findings suggest that the dACC→PnCGABA→VLM circuit has a crucial role in coordinating slow breathing and reducing negative affect. Our study elucidates a circuit basis for top-down control of breathing, which can influence emotional states. JournalNature NeurosciencePublication Volume27Publication Issue11Issn1546-1726AuthorsJhang, J., Park, et al.DOI10.1038/s41593-024-01799-w Google Scholar Pubmed |
||||||
Toggle | Development of neural circuits for social motion perception in schooling fish | Current Biology | Zada D, Schulze L, Yu J, et al. | 2024 | 0960-9822 | |
PubMed Record
Publication TypeJournal ArticleAbstractThe collective behavior of animal groups emerges from the interactions among individuals. These social interactions produce the coordinated movements of bird flocks and fish schools, but little is known about their developmental emergence and neurobiological foundations. By characterizing the visually based schooling behavior of the micro glassfish Danionella cerebrum, we found that social development progresses sequentially, with animals first acquiring the ability to aggregate, followed by postural alignment with social partners. This social maturation was accompanied by the development of neural populations in the midbrain that were preferentially driven by visual stimuli that resemble the shape and movements of schooling fish. Furthermore, social isolation over the course of development impaired both schooling behavior and the neural encoding of social motion in adults. This work demonstrates that neural populations selective for the form and motion of conspecifics emerge with the experience-dependent development of collective movement. JournalCurrent BiologyPublication Volume34Publication Issue15Pagination3380-3391.e5Issn0960-9822AuthorsZada D, Schulze L, Yu J, et al.KeywordsDanionella cerebrum; collective behavior; neural dynamics; social development; visual systems.DOI10.1016/j.cub.2024.06.049 Google Scholar Pubmed |
||||||
Toggle | Nicotine-induced dopamine plasticity: a gateway to neurotransmitter replacement? | Neural regeneration research | Lai IC, Dulcis D | 2020 | 1673-5374 | |
PubMed Record
Publication TypeJournal ArticleAbstractJournalNeural regeneration researchPublication Volume15Publication Issue1Pagination73-74Issn1673-5374AuthorsLai IC, Dulcis DDOI10.4103/1673-5374.264451 Google Scholar Pubmed |