@article {1468,
	title = {Neurotransmitter Switching Regulated by miRNAs Controls Changes in Social Preference.},
	journal = {Neuron},
	volume = {95},
	year = {2017},
	month = {2017 Sep 13},
	pages = {1319-1333.e5},
	abstract = {<p>Changes in social preference of amphibian larvae result from sustained exposure to kinship odorants. To understand the molecular and cellular mechanisms of this neuroplasticity, we investigated the effects of olfactory system activation on neurotransmitter (NT) expression in accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) interneurons during development. We show that protracted exposure to kin or non-kin odorants\&nbsp;changes the number of dopamine (DA)- or gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)-expressing neurons, with\&nbsp;corresponding changes in attraction/aversion behavior. Changing the relative number of dopaminergic and GABAergic AOB interneurons or locally introducing DA or GABA receptor antagonists alters kinship preference. We then isolate AOB microRNAs (miRs) differentially regulated across these conditions. Inhibition of miR-375 and miR-200b reveals that they target Pax6 and Bcl11b to regulate the dopaminergic and GABAergic phenotypes. The results illuminate the role of NT switching governing experience-dependent social preference. VIDEO ABSTRACT.</p>
},
	keywords = {Animals, Choice Behavior, Dopamine, Dopamine Antagonists, GABA Antagonists, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Interneurons, MicroRNAs, Neurons, Neurotransmitter Agents, Olfactory Bulb, PAX6 Transcription Factor, Pheromones, Siblings, Social Behavior, Transcription Factors, Xenopus laevis, Xenopus Proteins},
	issn = {1097-4199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.neuron.2017.08.023},
	author = {Dulcis, Davide and Lippi, Giordano and Stark, Christiana J and Do, Long H and Berg, Darwin K and Spitzer, Nicholas C}
}
@article {132,
	title = {Embryonically expressed GABA and glutamate drive electrical activity regulating neurotransmitter specification.},
	journal = {J Neurosci},
	volume = {28},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008 Apr 30},
	pages = {4777-84},
	abstract = {<p>Neurotransmitter signaling in the mature nervous system is well understood, but the functions of transmitters in the immature nervous system are less clear. Although transmitters released during embryogenesis regulate neuronal proliferation and migration, little is known about their role in regulating early neuronal differentiation. Here, we show that GABA and glutamate drive calcium-dependent embryonic electrical activity that regulates transmitter specification. The number of neurons expressing different transmitters changes when GABA or glutamate signaling is blocked chronically, either using morpholinos to knock down transmitter-synthetic enzymes or applying pharmacological receptor antagonists during a sensitive period of development. We find that calcium spikes are triggered by metabotropic GABA and glutamate receptors, which engage protein kinases A and C. The results reveal a novel role for embryonically expressed neurotransmitters.</p>
},
	keywords = {Animals, Antigens, CD57, Calcium, Choline O-Acetyltransferase, Embryo, Nonmammalian, Enzyme Inhibitors, Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists, GABA Antagonists, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Glutamate Decarboxylase, Glutamic Acid, Health Services Research, Larva, Morpholines, Neurons, Phosphoserine, Receptors, GABA, Receptors, Glutamate, Synapses, Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins, Xenopus},
	issn = {1529-2401},
	doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4873-07.2008},
	author = {Root, Cory M and Vel{\'a}zquez-Ulloa, Norma A and Monsalve, Gabriela C and Minakova, Elena and Spitzer, Nicholas C}
}
